Ventilator.



R. M. PANCOAST.

VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, 1912. I 1,087,254. Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

[NVENTOR Q. @Mmt' R. M. PANOOAST.

VENTILATOR.

Patented Feb. 1'7, 1914.

WITNESSES RIGHARD M. PANCQAST, or. cA nEn, NEW JERSEY.

VENTILATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent,

1 ,osmee.

' Patent-ed Feb. 1-7, 1-954 Application filed May 31, 1912. Serial No. 700,692.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be. it known that I, RICHARD M. PANcoAsr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Camden, in the county of Camden and State gular make-up ofventilator-hood is parof New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ventilators, of Which-the following 15 a specification.

The invention relates to outlet ventilators for the capping or covering of ventilating 10 fines. shafts and chimneys. and for the ventilation of roofs of mills, factories, industrial plants, power plants. drying rooms, and all kinds of buildings, shops, rmindhouses, train sheds, cars and boats.

The object of the invention is to provide a device which may be made of sheet metal or wood and have unusual the smallest quantity of minimum of labor in construction, be stor1nproof and wind-proof, have a very free delivery or outflow independent: of any outside Wind, and, further more. the outflow of which shall be increased by the wind from whatever direction it blows.

9 strength, require material and the;

structure having a top, cap. hood or cover- 1 mg, two vertical or uprightsides depending therefrom, two deflectors covering the ends 5 of the sides, and a neck. I

The top, cap or cover and the sides are attached directly together in any suitable way, as by riveting or reaming or soldering, when made of metal or made of wood. The sides and the deflectors or end pieces are attached directly together in the same way, and the sides'are attached direetly'to the neck by riveting or in any other manner. Thus there results a unity of structure made practically integral and f by nailing when thereby much more rigid, strong and durable than one having outstanding parts connected by arms or braces.

Nearly all the fines, quiring ventilator coverings have square or rectangular openings, outlet ventilators in general use are made up of curved parts with necessarily tubular or curved necks. To apply these necks to chimneys, etc, re-

while most all the ot the uprlsmg current is received ;the interrupting cone-heads such fines and chimneys requires an additional structure, end tubular the tubular or curved necks of such ventilatcrs, and a lower or bottom end angular in cross section to fit the angular fines or openings. Now, it is obvious that my ana base having its upper or circular in cross section to fit ticularly adapted to an angular neck and. therefore, does not need the additional con necting'strncture or base. seen also that my construction of ventilatorhoodv may readily be made with a neck of a different shape, thus doing away with the said additional connecting base when it is to fit onto a flue or chimney of a different shape. 1 There can be no covering of the straightup unrestrictedoutlet of a chimney or fine that is not in itself a retarding means or hindrance to the free outflow. The only real use of the socalled outlet ventilators is to keep out the elements, rain. hail. snow, cinders and down currents of outside air. Therefore, the best so-called ventilator is the one which is not only anti-ingress, but interrupts in the least degree the free outflow. Any increase of draft from any ventilator depends solely on the action of the wind. but as the wind is very irregular-and uncertain in its action, and as it sometimes The invention objectively consists in av does not blow at all. there is no uniform dependence upon it, and if the draft depended upon such action of the outside air the outi the nearest approach to the onenvay outlet of the fine or chimneys own open mouth. and the next best is a two-way passage ventilator or hood. The least efiicient type of ventilator is one having a cone-head whirl. intercepts, tangles up and scatters out the uprising current of air or gases, thus producing a retarding effect. The united force against and thereby more or less retarded by being spread out in thin layers in all lateral directions.

The routes of exit or egress in my vent-ilator are confined to two opposite uprising I i l passagewavs in contradistinction to the spreading out in layers in all lateral directions of the delivery in the common conehead ventilators.

But it will be loo the upper edges ventilator Without the ridged or iii] The accompanying drawings illustrate sin examples of the physical embodiment of my invention.

Figures 1 and 2, respectively perspective and cross section in elevation one construction'oi my ventilator. Figs. 3 and i are similar views, illustrating; a modi tied construction of oi the top. 5 and o by similar views illustrate a construction wherein the neck is a parallelogram in cross section, that is. the parallel sides are of diib fercnt lengths. Figs. 7, S and 9 illustrate by half sectional views .diiierent modifications, Fig. 9 showing the ventilator c nstructed of Wood.

Referring to the several figures, my type of ventilator consists essentially of two similar straight side pieces S S attached in parallelplanes to two opposite sides oi. the neck N, two deflector parts I) l) attached to and covering the outer ends of the side pieces S S, and a J-shaped top 'i attached to the upper edges of the A peakroof or ridgcioof it may he put on the central part of the f-shap'ed top to guide oil any snow, dirt, etc, that might otherwise collect in the angle. It is a complete outlet peaked roof R, the said roof being adesirable addition only to prevent accumulations oi snow, ice, etc, upon the top. The if-shaped top in connection. with the sides and end deflectors provide two. right and left, upward practh cally uniform passageways for the easy ontiloiv of the air and smoke.

In large size ventilators, especially Where the upper ends of the deflectors l) are dis tanced far enough apart to permit a strong slanting down current of wind and rain to force itself in obliquely down on the top 'i, as indicated in Fig. 4- hy the slanting. right to left long arrow, and push soinewater up and over the edge, it is advisable to provide drip-edges B B at the ends to prevent any Water that may thus be )ushed up and over the ends A from finding its way underneath and into the nec t T he drip-edge will cause suchpushed over water to fall outside the neck N, as represented in Fig. 4:.loy verticaishort ai When the ventilator is made of sheet Haiti. l the drip-ed es B B inay he formed by bendshow in the cletlectora and of ing down tie upper edges of the t shaped top 1, but when the ventilatoris made of wood the drip-edges may separate attachments. The drip edges are not to he proportionate with the size 'oi':Nentilathi, for, obviously,

enough overhang to carryoft any drip in a small X18? howe er large.

'ows at. "the t the ttll' ll'l sioc down cui size ventilator will do yo ue wind will i points on enter the upper end opening between the deflector D and the end All of the top and low on. down and out the bottom. opening between the neck N and the lower end of the deflector and carry by induction the out Q how with it. See for illustration the bent or curved arrows at the left in Fig. 6. v

The uprising arrows in Firefl and Fig.

l and at the right hand side oi Fig. 6 repre sent the natural course of outflow under nor- 5 mal conditions of calni'or Wind. in order that the sides S shall he as economical of metal and present as small area as possible to Wind pressure the height of the top 1 above the neck N should beharely m enough to give free passageway to the outhow. The areas of the cross sections hetwecn the two right and. left sides of the neck N and the top T may he much less than the area of the necks cross section without choking the outliow, because of the easy comprcssihilty oi lises. 'lhe deflectors l), ll. are distanced iron] the ends of the top '1, Figs. 1 and 2, and the ends of the drip-edges P: ll in the other figures, and are so shaped as to provide gradually restricted upward passageways lor the outflow. have show-n several shapes of deflectors which form the outer passageways, but there may be others having some advantage.

in Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 8 and 9 each deflector is in two planes the parts meeting each other so as to form an obtuse angle 0 adjacent the edge of the top T. ln Figs. 3 and 4 the material. is fashioned to form two obtuse angles 1 P. in Fig. 7 the deflector of a general. concave-convex shape.

Figs. 1 and 2 represent probably the simplest and cheapest construction, a single an-- gle in the top 1, that is, there are no bent down drip-edges at the ends A of the top '1. The other examples provide against the possiloilty of any drip entrance i to the necl; N, by having turned down edges B B. Figs.

43 and 6 show an oblong rectangular vcnti- 1w lator, the opposite sides hcingparallel but of diiierent lengths. I

in Figs. 3;l, 5, 6;? and 9 the drip-edges are made to lie wholly inside thc'discharge passages. between the sides S, S.

Fig. 8 shows the upper part oi? the side S, cut back and notched at K so that the ends of the dripedges of the top T may 01 lapthe edges of the sides S S.

l 9 shows the ventilator made of Wood, no except the drip-edges. lrlowsvcr, the venti- ,latoi may he constructed of any suitable inateriai. inetalor Wood, or combined metal and wood.

The top T is long-f enough in all the ex amples to insure that -rain and any falling matter shall fall safely outside of the neck opening- 5. To be anti-ingress the upper edges of the deflectors are brought inwar to a line barely passing the outer 13a weaker edges A A. or the top T and passing a safe distance outside of the neck opening.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the drawings it will be chvious that I have produced a ventilator, illustrated by several examples, which fulfils all the conditions set forth as the purpose and object of my invention.

What I claim is:

1. A ventilator comprising a neck, two parallel side pieces secured at opposite sides of the neck, a top piece secured to the top edges of the sidepieces and above the end of the neck, and two deflecting pieces each secured to adjacent ends of the side pieces, each deflecting piece having the body thereof between the top and bottom edges extended outwardly from a plane passing through said top and bottom edges to increase the open spaces between the edges of the top.

piece and the inner surfaces of the said side pieces; the relative location of the parts being such that a downward opening and an upward opening are provided at each side of the'neck and the free edges of the top piece.

2. A ventilator comprising a neck, two side pieces secured at opposite sides of the neck, a V-shaped top piece secured to the top edges of the side pieces and above the neo opening, the point of the V-shaped top being located above the opening of the neck and the surfaces each side of said point being inclined upwardly in planes obli no to the axis oft-he neck and adapted to eflect the ascending currents pf air to the left and right, and two deflecting pieces each secured to the adjacent ends of the side pieces the I parts being so relatively disposed that at 1 each side of the neck two openings are formed, one above the free edge of the top piece and one below the said edge.

3. A ventilator comprising a neck, -two side pieces secured at opposite sides of the neck, a top piece secured to the side pieces above the neck opening, andv deflectors each of a general concavo-convex shape secured I at the adjacent ends of the side pieces.

4. A ventilator comprising a neck, two side pieces secured at. opposite sides of the neck, a- V-shaped top piece secured to the to the right and left from the point of the said V-shaped piece, a roof above the top having-inclined surfaces, and deflectors each of a general concavo-convex shape secured at the adjacent ends of the side pieces.

A ventilator comprising a neck, two side pieces secured at their lower edges to the top edges of the neck and extending above said neck, a V-shaped top piece with tending obliquely upwardly to the right and left from the pointof said V-shaped piece, and deflectors each of a general c'oncavoconvex shape secured to the adjacent ends of the side pieces.

in presence 0 two witnesses.

-BIGHARD M. PANCOAST.

Witnesses:

C. S. Psnooas'r, R. M. PANooAsrr, Jr.

the free edges downwardly inclined and the under surfaces of. said V-shaped piece exto side pieces above the neck opening, the un- 'der surfacesbf said piece sloping upwardly In testimon whereof I aifix mysignature. 

